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Harman Multimedia - On Tour XTB - RTTE Test Report
2009 11138368 EMC
2 of 73
Template 7-09aal
3. Practical Explanation of the Meaning of Radiated Emissions Measurement Uncertainties
In general, a “Statement of Measurement Uncertainty” means that with a certain (specified) confidence level,
the “true” value of a measurand will be between a (stated) upper bound and a (stated) lower bound.
In the specific case of EMC Measurements in this test report, the measurement uncertainties of the conducted
emissions measurements and the radiated emissions measurements have been calculated in accordance with the
method detailed in the following documents:
In general, a “Statement of Measurement Uncertainty” means that with a certain (specified) confidence level,
the “true” value of a measurand will be between a (stated) upper bound and a (stated) lower bound.
In the specific case of EMC Measurements in this test report, the measurement uncertainties of the conducted
emissions measurements and the radiated emissions measurements have been calculated in accordance with the
method detailed in the following documents:
o
ANSI Z540.2 (2002) Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement
o
NIS 81:1994, The Treatment of Uncertainty in EMC Measurements (NAMAS, 1994)
o
NIST Technical Note 1297(1994), Guidelines for Evaluating and Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST
Measurement Results (NIST, 1994)
The calculation method used in these documents requires that the stated uncertainty of the measurements be
expressed as an “expanded uncertainty”, U, with a k=2 coverage factor. The practical interpretation of this
method of expressing measurement uncertainty is shown in the following example:
EXAMPLE: Assume that at 39.51 MHz, the (measured) radiated emissions level was equal to +26.5
dBuV/m, and that the +/- 2 standard deviations (i.e. 95% confidence level) measurement uncertainty was
+/- 3.4 dB.
In the example above, the phrase “k = 2 Coverage Factor” simply means that the measurement uncertainty is
dBuV/m, and that the +/- 2 standard deviations (i.e. 95% confidence level) measurement uncertainty was
+/- 3.4 dB.
In the example above, the phrase “k = 2 Coverage Factor” simply means that the measurement uncertainty is
stated to cover +/-2 standard deviations (i.e. a 95% confidence interval) about the measurand. The measurand is
the radiated emissions measurement of +26.5 dBuV/m at 39.51 MHz, and the 95% bounds for the uncertainty
are –3.4 dB to + 3.4 dB. One can thus be 95% confident that the “true” value of the radiated emissions
measurement is between +23.1 dBuV/m and +29.9 dBuV/m. In effect, this means that in the above example
there is only a 2.5% chance that the “true” radiated emissions value exceeds +29.9 dBuV/m.
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